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Polysaccharides have significant immunomodulatory activity and have good development value in food and medicine fields. At present, there are many studies on the chemical structure and immune activity of polysaccharides, but the relationship between them of polysaccharides has not been fully explained, which limits the further development and utilization of polysaccharide resources. The immune activity of polysaccharides is closely related to their own structure. This paper systematically summarized the relationship between the relative molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond types, chemical modification, and advanced conformation of polysaccharides and the immune regulation, aiming to provide references for the profound study of polysaccharide structure-activity relationship and utilization of polysaccharides.
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Monosaccharides/chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Molecular Weight , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Polysaccharides/chemistryABSTRACT
With the development of omics technology， the construction of disease networks has been widely used in the study of complex diseases. It has been widely used to construct disease networks using systems biology technology to study complex diseases. The mechanism exploration model of disease molecular network which uses the method of constructing disease networks， simulates the occurrence of diseases， explores the core development mechanism of complex diseases， and then predicts biomarkers and exploits the mechanism of drug action provided many new thoughts for the prevention and treatment of complex diseases. Nowadays， the research on the mechanism of myocardial infarction caused by myocardial ischemia and heart failure after myocardial infarction is still very important. However， the research of the molecular network of myocardial infarction and heart failure diseases is usually limited to a few targets and pathways， so it is not able to comprehensively and systematically explain the disease process. Furthermore， authors outlined the typical biological process of "myocardial infarction-heart failure" and related targets from the pathophysiological level， and summarized the existing methods of constructing dynamic networks for heart diseases and other diseases. Based on the dynamic molecular network construction methods of cardiac diseases and other diseases， this paper discusses the construction of the dynamic molecular network of myocardial infarction and heart failure， in order to understand the evolution of myocardial infarction and heart failure more accurately and explore the importance of the dynamic molecular network of the disease process for the study of disease mechanism.
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Objective:To investigate the influence of peer education based on WeChat support on the social support, mental flexibility and rehabilitation self-efficacy of patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.Methods:A total of 82 patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy who were admitted from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the operation time, they were divided into the treatment group (January 2019-December 2019) with 43 cases and the control group (January 2018-December 2018) with 39 cases. The control group was given regular health education, and the treatment group jointly applied peer education based on WeChat support. Followed up for 2 months, the two groups of patients were evaluated the degree of social support, psychological flexibility, and rehabilitation self-efficacy by Social Support Rating Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale and compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of social support, psychological flexibility, and rehabilitation self-efficacy before intervention between the two groups( P>0.05). The objective support, support utilization, and social support scores in the treatment group after intervention were (9.12±1.12), (10.45 ± 0.75), (32.49 ± 4.56) points, and the control group were (7.45 ± 1.36), (8.74 ± 1.43), (29.84 ± 4.45) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 6.091, 6.681, 2.658, P<0.01). The scores of toughness, self-improvement, optimism, and mental resilience in the treatment group after intervention were (28.21 ± 4.25), (20.32 ± 3.54), (9.36 ± 1.12), and (57.89 ± 7.21) points, and the control group were (24.36 ± 4.34), (17.14 ± 3.21), (7.84 ± 1.23), (49.34 ± 6.55) points, and the differences were statistically significant( t values were 4.056-5.857, P<0.01). The scores of physical exercise self-efficacy, coping self-efficacy, and rehabilitation self-efficacy in the treatment group after intervention were (43.43 ± 5.38), (54.45 ± 6.32), (97.88 ± 7.45) points, and the control group were (37.45 ± 5.42), (48.65 ± 6.45), (86.10 ± 9.12) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 5.009, 4.110, 6.430, P<0.01). Conclusions:Peer education based on WeChat support helps to enhance the degree of social support for patients after laparoscopic prostate cancer surgery, improve the level of mental flexibility, and promote the development of rehabilitation self-efficacy.
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Effective drugs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), a complex chronic lung disease, have long been difficultly determined, while traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a critical effect in the treatment of such disease. A new approach for the prediction based on data analysis by integrating TCM basic theories and modern science is urgently needed apart from clinical experiments. In this study, an efficacy evaluation system of COPD was established based on the multi-target efficacy evaluation system of Chinese medicine to analyze the medication regularity and characteristics, such as efficacies, properties, meridian tropism,and core combinations of Chinese medicines. The characteristics of classical prescriptions in the intervention of COPD were explored from modern pharmacology. The results showed that the Chinese medicines in the classical prescriptions in the treatment of COPD were dominated by heat-clearing, phlegm-resolving, dampness-dispelling, exterior-releasing, deficiency-tonifying, and interior-warming drugs. Among them, dampness-dispelling, interior-warming, and heat-clearing drugs resulted in higher perturbation efficiency in the disease network than some western medicines on the market, suggesting that these drugs possessed better efficacies in the treatment of COPD. In the classic prescriptions, warm-heat drugs were equivalent to cold-cool drugs in number, while the proportion of warm-heat drugs gradually raised with the increase in the perturbation efficiency. Additionally, core combinations in the classical prescriptions,such as heat-clearing/heat-clearing, dampness-dispelling/dampness-dispelling, and phlegm-resolving/heat-clearing, could achieve better efficacy for COPD. The present study preliminarily screened out the efficacies of Chinese medicines in the treatment of COPD based on scientific data through the multi-target efficacy evaluation system to explore the effect of Chinese medicine on COPD from modern pharmacology, explain the mechanism of TCM treatment of lung diseases, and provide references for the development of drugs targeting COPD.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Meridians , Prescriptions , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapyABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the antidiarrheal effects of Mongolian medicine, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Forsythia suspensa and Cynanchum thesioides on diarrhea model rats and investigate its effects on serum DAO (diamine oxidase), cAMP (cyclic adenosine phosphate), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), ATPase and calcium ions. Methods: The normal control group, model group, H. antidysenterica low-dose and high-dose groups, F. suspensa low dose and high-dose groups, C. thesioides low dose and high dose groups were set. Except the normal control group, the other groups were ig administrated water decoction of Cassia angustifolia to establish diarrhea model; After the success of the model, the rats in treatment groups were administrated by gastric drug for 7 d, the type mental state, diarrhea and body weight changes were observed. the abdominal aortic blood was obtained at the last day of fasting 12 h after the administration. DAO, cAMP, TNF-α, ATP enzyme, OD value of the calcium ions in serum were determined by using ELISA (enzyme-linked immune detection reagent) kits. Results: General status: except for the normal group, the mental state of the rats in the other groups was depressed after modeling, the fur color of them was significantly decreased and the body weight was decreased. The diarrhea rate was 100% on the 4th day after modeling. Compared with the model group, there were significant differences in the number of loose stools, grade of loose stools and diarrhea index (P < 0.05, 0.01) in each administration group. The serum DAO, TNF-α, ATPase, cAMP and calcium ion OD values were compared: the serum concentrations of DAO in H. antidysenterica low dose group, C. thesioides low dose group and F. suspensa high and low dose groups of rats were significantly lower than model group with significant differences (P < 0.05), and were significantly higher than normal group. The serum concentration of TNF-α in C. thesioides high and low dose groups were lower compared with model group (P < 0.05). The serum ATPase in C. thesioides high and low dose groups had significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with model group. The serum concentration of cAMP in H. antidysenterica high-dose group and F. suspensa low-dose group was significantly lower compared with model group with significant differences (P < 0.05). Serum Ca2+ concentration in the drug administration groups was significantly different from that in the model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The antidiarrheal effect of C. thesioides is better than that of H. antidysenterica and F. suspensa.
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OBJECTIVE：To establish the quality standards of Mongolian medicine Cynanchum thesioides. METHODS ：TLC was used for the qualitative identification of C. thesioides . According to 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopeia （part Ⅳ），the moisture，total ash and ethanol-soluble extract were determined. HPLC method was used to determine the content of thesioideoside in C. thesioides . RESULTS ：TLC spots were clear ，there were same yellow green fluorescent spots on the corresponding position of the sample （C. thesioides ）and control （thesioideoside）. In 22 batches of samples ，contents of moisture were 6.18％-12.97％，total ash were 4.64％-7.95％，ethanol-soluble extract were 12.46％-32.70％. The linear range of thesioideoside were 0.048-3.050 μg（R2＝ 0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ， stability， repeatability and durability tests were all less than 1％ . The recoveries were 104.03％-106.36％（RSD＝0.96％，n＝6）. The contents of thesioideoside in 22 batches of C. thesioides were 0.006 2％-0.130 5％. CONCLUSIONS：It is suggested that the moisture and total ash should not exceed 11.50％ and 7.50％，respectively；the contents of ethanol-soluble extract and the sioideoside are no less than 17.00％ and 0.05％，respectively. The established quality standards can be used for quality control of Mongolian medicine C. thesioides .
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Objective To understand the defluoridation effect in the historical severe endemic fluorosis areas of Shandong Province,and to analyze characteristics of children's dental fluorosis and related factors.Methods In 2015,using cross-sectional survey,11 villages in historical severe endemic fluorosis counties were selected for water fluoride test according to previous investigation of endemic diseases in Shandong Province.In which,4 normal water fluoride villages,4 excessive water fluoride villages and 3 villages without water improvement were included.Dental fluorosis in children aged 7 to 12 was examined and urine fluoride was measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the detection rate of dental fluorosis.Results A total of 732 children aged 7 to 12 were examined,with total detection rate of dental fluorosis 73.2％ (536/732).The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 31.0％ (65/210),86.7％ (176/203) and 92.5％ (295/319) in the villages with normal,excessive and without water improvement villages,respectively.And the differences were statistically significant (x2 =270.498,P ＜ 0.01).The prevalence of dental fluorosis in girls (77.4％,264/341) was significantly higher than that in boys (69.6％,272/391,x2 =5.337,P ＜ 0.05),and the dental fluorosis prevalence in elderly group (10-12 years old,76.9％,382/497) was higher than that of younger group (7-9 years old,65.5％,154/235),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10.445,P ＜ 0.05).In water fluoride normal villages,the detection rate of dental fluorosis in girls (40.0％,36/90) was higher than that in boys (24.2％,29/120,x2 =6.033,P ＜ 0.05).In water fluoride unqualified villages,the dental fluorosis prevalence rates in boys and girls were 89.7％ (243/271) and 90.8％ (228/251),and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.202,P ＞ 0.05).The urinary fluoride content of children with dental fluorosis was higher than that of non-fluorosis children [(4.5 ± 2.7) vs (1.9 ± 1.5) mg/L,t =-8.125,P ＜ 0.01].Logistic analysis showed that the risk of children's dental fluorosis in unqualified water fluoride village was 14.362 times high than that of normal water fluoride villages.The risk of dental fluorosis in children with high urinary fluoride was 2.497 times higher than that in normal urinary fluoride group.The risk of detecting moderate and severe fluorosis in children in the elderly group was 2.270 times higher than that in the younger group.The risk of detecting moderate and severe dental fluorosis in girls was 1.988 times higher than that in boys.The risk of detecting moderate and severe dental fluorosis in children in unqualified water fluoride villages was 49.190 times higher than that in normal water fluoride villages.Conclusions Water-quality-improvement project is an effective means to control the epidemic of dental fluorosis in children in severe fluorosis areas.Age,gender and water fluoride are influencing factors associated with dental fluorosis.
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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle, and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of microsurgery. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle referred the Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2000 to December 2018 were collected, and the clinical features, imaging characteristics, surgical methods, therapeutic efficacy and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results The 24 patients included 15 men and 9 women, and had a mean age of 43.5 years (range, 16 to 68 years). Preoperative imaging examinations showed obvious dilatation of bilateral lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and middle cerebral aqueduct, and spherical or cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. There were 18 cases positive for antibodies against cysticercus, and 3 of the 21 cases were egg positives. All 24 cases received microsurgery, including 8 cases via the median aperture approach, 7 cases via the median aperture-cerebellar vermis approach, and 9 cases via the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach. There were 17 cases with complete delivery of vesicles, 5 cases with vesicle rupture and 2 cases with extraction of cystic fluid followed by separation and removal of cystic wall. All cases had obvious retraction of the ventricular system and disappearance of intracranial hypertension following surgery. There were 19 cases (79.17%) with well recovery, and 5 cases (20.83%) with aggravation or development of cerebellar ataxia, which recovered following treatment for 1 to 2 weeks. Conclusion The transcerebellomedullary fissure approach is a safe and lowly invasive approach for the treatment of cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle.
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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle, and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of microsurgery. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle referred the Department of Neurosurgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2000 to December 2018 were collected, and the clinical features, imaging characteristics, surgical methods, therapeutic efficacy and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results The 24 patients included 15 men and 9 women, and had a mean age of 43.5 years (range, 16 to 68 years). Preoperative imaging examinations showed obvious dilatation of bilateral lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and middle cerebral aqueduct, and spherical or cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. There were 18 cases positive for antibodies against cysticercus, and 3 of the 21 cases were egg positives. All 24 cases received microsurgery, including 8 cases via the median aperture approach, 7 cases via the median aperture-cerebellar vermis approach, and 9 cases via the transcerebellomedullary fissure approach. There were 17 cases with complete delivery of vesicles, 5 cases with vesicle rupture and 2 cases with extraction of cystic fluid followed by separation and removal of cystic wall. All cases had obvious retraction of the ventricular system and disappearance of intracranial hypertension following surgery. There were 19 cases (79.17%) with well recovery, and 5 cases (20.83%) with aggravation or development of cerebellar ataxia, which recovered following treatment for 1 to 2 weeks. Conclusion The transcerebellomedullary fissure approach is a safe and lowly invasive approach for the treatment of cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle.
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Objective To explore risk factors of depression in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Methods 142 patients diagnosed as PCOS and meeting criterions were collected from Aug.2013 to Nov.2016 in our hospital.Demographic data,menstrual status,signs,serum hormone levels,treatment were collected and recorded.The degree of depression was evaluated by Hamilton Depression scale (HAMD).They were divided into two groups:depression and non-depression group.Univariate x2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore risk factors for complicating depression in patients with PCOS.Results Depression occurred in 44 patients (30.98％),with 28 cases of mild depression,14 cases of moderate depression,and 2 cases of severe depression.Univariate x2 test revealed that BMI (x2=4.385,P=0.036),infertility (x2=8.367,P=0.004),LH/FSH (x2=4.592,P=0.032) and serum levels of FT (x2=5.777,P=0.016) were factors related to depression.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI＞25 kg/m2 (OR=12.874,95％ CI:1.675～75.824,P=0.013),infertility (OR=17.526,95％ CI:1.436～94.335,P=0.008),LH/FSH＞2 (OR=7.326,95％ CI:1.263～43.128,P=0.021) and abnormal FT (OR=9.724,95％ CI:3.625～56.524,P=0.016) were risk factors of depression.Conclusions Patients with PCOS have mild or moderate depressive tendencies.BMI＞25 kg/m2,infertility,LH/FSH＞2,abnormal FT were the risk factors of depression.
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Objective To analyze the articles published in Chinese Journal of Endemiology from 2013 to 2017,and to reflect the research status on prevention and treatment of endemic diseases in China.Methods Papers published in Chinese Journal of Endemiology from 2013-2017 were searched as study objects in Wanfang data knowledge service platform.Bibliometrics analysis and knowledge mapping methods were used for analysis.Results A total of 1 128 papers were included.There were 10 authors from 4 work units,who have published more than 20 papers,respectively.From 2013 to 2017,there were 622 major academic institutions that had published papers in Chinese Journal of Endemiology,among which 11 had published more than 20 articles.The types of institutions included research institutes,universities,centers for disease control and prevention and hospitals,etc.;the institutions were mainly in endemic areas.A total of 1 128 academic papers contained 1 586 valid keywords,of which 91 high frequency keywords with a frequency of 7 or above were included,and the main hot words were iodine,urine and fluorosis.The research hotspots in the field of endemic diseases prevention and treatment in China had been related to:①iodine deficiency and high iodine-induced thyroid diseases;②studies related to endemic fluorosis;③pathogenesis of Kaschin-Beck disease and epidemiological study of endemic arsenic poisoning and prevention;④epidemiology and control of other endemic diseases such as plague,brucellosis and Keshan disease.Conclusions Chinese Journal of Endemiology has a variety of research institutions.Research hotspots are covered in a comprehensive way with prominent emphasis.The author team is stable,the type of cooperation between authors is based on internal cooperation within the same institution,the inter-institutional communication and cooperation need to be strengthened.
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Objective To find out the cognition and participation of people in the disease areas of Shandong Province on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), and to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education project on prevention and control of IDD. Methods From 2011 to 2015, a prospective research was used in study, 46 iodine-deficient counties (cities, districts) were selected as project counties in Shandong Province each year, and 3 townships (towns) were chosen in each project county. Health educational activities on IDD prevention and control knowledge were carried out in the central primary school, 3 villages were chosen in each selected township (town) where the health educational activities in the community were carried out. Before and after the healthy education activities, questionnaire surveys on IDD prevention and control knowledge were conducted among 30 students of grade 5 in the central primary school and 15 housewives lived near the schools in each selected township ( town ) . Results After the health education activities , the knowledge awareness rates of students and housewives on IDD prevention and control were 96.06％ ( 61232/63471 ) and 95.44％(32576/34131), respectively, which increased significantly compared with those before the intervention [ 79 . 00％ ( 50038/63342 ) and 81 . 25％( 27281/33576 ) ] , and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 = 8435.19, 3326.19, P < 0.05). Among the primary school students and housewives, the knowledge awareness rates of IDD prevention were increased by 17.06％ and 14.19％, respectively. Conclusion After implementing the intervention measures of IDD health education, the awareness rate of IDD prevention and control knowledge in iodine deficiency areas in Shandong Province is significantly increased, which has achieved the effectiveness of IDD health education behavioral intervention.
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Objective To evaluate the testing ability of iodine in the disease control and prevention institutes at all levels in Shandong,and to raise their testing ability.Methods The testing ability of salt iodine,water iodine and urinary iodine of iodine deficiency disorders laboratories at provincial,prefectural and county levels in Shandong in 2016 was evaluated.The testing results of salt iodine were evaluated by using reference value ± uncertainty.The testing results of water iodine and urinary iodine of all the participatory laboratories were evaluated by using standard Z score generated from laboratories participated in the examination.Results One provincial and 17 prefectural salt iodine,water iodine and urinary iodine laboratories and 30 county level salt iodine laboratories took part in the national examination.Both the feedback rate and qualified rate of the testing results were 100％.The 65 urinary iodine laboratories at the county level took part in the provincial examination.The feedback rate was 92.3％ (60/65),and the qualified rate was 75.4％ (49/65).Conclusions The results of the national examination have showed that the testing ability at all levels of the laboratory is maintained at a higher level;the results of the provincial examination have showed that the testing ability of most of the county level urinary iodine laboratories is relatively stable at a higher level.The testing ability of some county level urinary iodine laboratories is low.We should focus on strengthening the county level urinary iodine laboratory construction.
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Objective To evaluate the testing ability of iodine in the disease control and prevention institutes at all levels in Shandong,and to raise their testing ability.Methods The testing ability of salt iodine,water iodine and urinary iodine of iodine deficiency disorders laboratories at provincial,prefectural and county levels in Shandong in 2016 was evaluated.The testing results of salt iodine were evaluated by using reference value ± uncertainty.The testing results of water iodine and urinary iodine of all the participatory laboratories were evaluated by using standard Z score generated from laboratories participated in the examination.Results One provincial and 17 prefectural salt iodine,water iodine and urinary iodine laboratories and 30 county level salt iodine laboratories took part in the national examination.Both the feedback rate and qualified rate of the testing results were 100％.The 65 urinary iodine laboratories at the county level took part in the provincial examination.The feedback rate was 92.3％ (60/65),and the qualified rate was 75.4％ (49/65).Conclusions The results of the national examination have showed that the testing ability at all levels of the laboratory is maintained at a higher level;the results of the provincial examination have showed that the testing ability of most of the county level urinary iodine laboratories is relatively stable at a higher level.The testing ability of some county level urinary iodine laboratories is low.We should focus on strengthening the county level urinary iodine laboratory construction.
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This study is aimed to provide the source for clinical medication by clarifing the common base of Mongolia medicinal materials "Du Ge Mo Nong". In this paper literature research and plant taxonomy method were adopted combined with investigation of the markets and clinical use status to clarify the origin of common traditional Mongolian medicine "Du Ge Mo Nong". The results showed that the Mongolian medicine "Du Ge Mo Nong" and Tibetan medicine "Du Mu Niu" were the same crude drug and originated from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenteriaca of family Apocynaceae in earliest time. In Mongolian medicine clinic, the seed of Cynanchum thesioides of family Asclepiadaceae and the fruit of Forsythia suspense of family Oleaceae was used respectively about 18 century and recent time, as the substitutes of H. antidysenteriaca. In present standards on Mongolian material medicine, C. thesioides is including only, and H. antidysenterica is not used almost. In Tibetan medicine clinic, H. antidysenterica is being used so far. But there are various substitutes including the seeds, fruits or grass of many species classified to family Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Onagraceae from ancient time to the present, and C. forrestii and C. komarovii may be used at present. It's necessary to strengthen the arrangement on Mongolian medicine's varieties by the multidisciplinary methods including literature research, investigation of resources and the use state, and comparison of active substances and biological activities between the different substitutes,and so on.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the storage performance of the domestically made platelet storage bags (experimental group) and the United States Trima set platelet storage bags (control group).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The manually separated platelets were divided in two equal parts, which was added to control blood bags and experimental blood bags respectively, all samples were stored at a 22 °C ± 2 °C. The platelet count, mean volume, aggregation activity (ADP, THR), pH, glucose, lactate concentration, lactate dehydrogenase concentration, hypotonic shock reaction, CD62P and phosphatidic acid serine content were detected at day 0, 3, 5 and 7 of storage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference of platelet quality at day 5 after storage between the experimental group and the control group (T-test, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two kinds of platelet storage bags have the similar storage performance.</p>
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Humans , Blood Platelets , Blood Preservation , Cell Separation , Glucose , Platelet CountABSTRACT
This study was aimed to explore the change of aggregation and activation of platelets loaded with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The platelets were treated by loading buffer with different concentrations of EGCG (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20 and 30 mmol/L) and were divided into 2.5, 5, 10 mmol/L groups and control group. The physiological and biochemical functions of platelets were observed, including recovery rate, aggregation and activation of platelets. The platelet counts were determined by Counter Cell-DYN 1200. The aggregation activities were tested through turbidimetry, the platelet apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the concentrations of EGCG loading in platelets of 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/L groups were 0.4006 ± 0.12, 1.0527 ± 0.1503, 1.6902 ± 0.1112 mmol/L respectively. Along with the increasing of EGCG concentrations in loading-buffer, the EGCG absorbed by platelets increased too. When the concentration of EGCG in loading-buffer exceeded 15 mmol/L, the EGCG absorbed by platelets did not increase. The recovery rate in 2.5 mmol/L loading buffer group was 82.45 ± 0.360% which was lower than that in control group (90.33 ± 1.115%) (p < 0.05). As compared with control group, the recovery rate in 5 mmol/L loading buffer group (57.51 ± 2.468)% and 10 mmol/L loading buffer group (47.45 ± 2.030)% were even significantly lower (p < 0.01). When ADP was used as the inducer, the maximal aggregation rate (MAR) in control group was (63.6 ± 4.037)%, which was higher than that in other EGCG-loading groups (p < 0.01). And the aggregation activity of platelets negatively correlated with the concentration of EGCG in loading-buffer. When THR was used as the inducer, the MAR in control group was (89.3 ± 6.533)% and higher than that those in other groups (p < 0.05), especially in groups with loading-buffer higher than 10 mmol/L EGCG (70.1 ± 5.400%) (p < 0.01). In the experiment of cellular apoptosis, the early apoptosis easy appeared in platelets loaded with EGCG. It is concluded that the EGCG loading in platelets markedly influences the physiological and biochemical functions of platelets, the apoptosis easy occurs in platelets loaded with EGCG. The EGCG accelerates the course of platelet apoptosis.
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Humans , Apoptosis , Blood Platelets , Catechin , Pharmacology , Flow Cytometry , Platelet Aggregation , Platelet CountABSTRACT
Platelets carry over 20 growth factors, which all have been shown to improve wound healing, particularly recalcitrant wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the healing effect of lyophilized platelets on the chronic wounds through establishing diabetic rat chronic wound model. Healthy male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) solution at the dose of 65 mg/kg. The blood glucose and weights were observed every week. The re-epithelialization rates of normal control group (NDR), diabetic group (DR) and diabetic treatment group (TLP) was analysed. Two full thickness skin wounds were incised in the back of the rats. The re-epithelialization rates were observed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 12 days. The results showed that after induced by streptozotocin for 72 hours, the blood glucose of the DR group was higher than 16.7 mmol/L. 1 week after induced by STZ, the weight of the DR group was significant lighter than that of the NDR group (p < 0.05). The re-epithelialization rate of DR group were lower than that of NDR. After 12 day treatment, the re-epithelialization rates of NDR and TLP groups were 88.1% and 81.8%, which were significantly higher than that of DR group (62.8%). It is concluded that diabetic rat model established by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin can be used as a better diabetic chronic wound model. And the lyophilized platelets have healing effect on diabetic chronic wounds.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Therapeutics , Freeze Drying , Platelet Transfusion , Methods , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Platelets (Plts) have been shown to play a critical role in tissue repair mechanisms such as chemotaxis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition. These effects are largely due to the contents of platelet granules, among which there are a number of important growth factors contributing to the wound repairing process. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been traditionally used as a source of platelet growth factors (PGFs). After connecting activator, platelet gel (PG) is formed and numerous PGFs such as PDGF, TGF, VEGF, IGF, and EGF are released. It is important in different stages of the wound-healing cascade and greatly influence mitogenic and cellular differentiation activities. The aim of this review is to present knowledge about properties of PRP and possibilities of using PRP in the treatment of wound, as well as the success of the clinical studies performed so far, finally the future of PRP therapies are also described.
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Humans , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Therapeutic Uses , Platelet-Derived Growth Factor , Therapeutic Uses , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Though high concentration of glucose can benefit the survival of lyophilized human red blood cells, the high concentration of glucose can result in serious damage of red blood cells. This study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of trehalose on damage of red blood cells induced by high concentration of glucose. After incubation with the high concentration of glucose buffer containing different concentrations of trehalose for three hours at 37 degrees C, the phosphatidylserine exposure and the osmotic fragility of cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and the lipid peroxidation of membrane was evaluated by TBA method. The results showed that the high concentration of glucose could lead to phosphatidylserine exposure, osmotic fragility increase, and lipid peroxidation damage which were dependent on the glucose concentrations and incubation temperature. However, trehalose could effectively prevent the phosphatidylserine exposure, osmotic fragility increase, and lipid peroxidation damage induced by high concentration glucose. With increase of the trehalose concentrations. As the trehalose concentration increases, the phosphatidylserine exposure, maloni-aldehyde concentration and cell debris rate decreased gradually. In conclusion, the high concentration of glucose can lead to phosphatidylserine exposure, osmotic fragility increase, and lipid peroxidation damage of red blood cells. However, trehalose can inhibit the damaging effects of high concentration of glucose on red blood cells, which may be useful for the application of sugars to lyophilization of red blood cells.